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Geography
The Kingdom of Thailand, covering an area of 514,000
square kilometres, lies in the heart of Southeast
Asia, roughly equidistant between India and China.
It shares borders with Myanmar to the west and
north, Laos to the north and northeast, Cambodia
to the east and Malaysia to the south.
Topography
Thailand is divided into four distinct areas :
the mountainous North, the fertile Central Plains,
the semi-arid plateau of the Northeast, and the
peninsula South, distinguished by its many beautiful
tropical beaches and offshore islands.
Climate
Thailand lies within the humid tropics and remains
hot throughout the year. Average temperatures
are about 29C, ranging from 36C in April to 17C
in December. There are three seasons: the cool
season (November to February), the hot season
(April to May), and the rainy season (June to
October), though downpours rarely last more than
a couple of hours. During the cool season you
will need some warmer clothes if you are visiting
the North or Northeast regions as the night time
temperatures can get quite chilly.
Population
Thailand has a population of about 60 million.
Ethnic Thais form the majority, though the area
has historically been a migratory crossroads,
and thus strains of Mon, Khmer, Burmese, Lao,
Malay, Indian and most strongly, Chinese stock
produce a degree of ethnic diversity. Integration
is such, however, that culturally and socially
there is enormous unity.
Religion
Thailand
is one of the most strongly Buddhist countries
in the world. The national religion is Theravada
Buddhism, a branch of Hinayana Buddhism, practiced
by more than 90% of all Thais.
The remainder of the population adheres to lslam,
Christianity, Hinduism and other faiths - all
of which are allowed full freedom of expression.
Buddhism continues to cast strong influence on
daily life. Senior monks are highly revered. Thus,
in towns and villages, the temple (wat) is the
heart of social and religious life.
Meditation, one of the most popular aspects of
Buddhism, is practiced regularly by numerous Thai
as a means of promoting inner peace and happiness.
Visitors, too, can learn the fundamentals of this
practice at several centres in Bangkok and elsewhere
in the country.
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